GENDER-SPECIFIC FEATURES OF POST-STRESS REACTIONS AND POSITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY TOOLS FOR OVERCOMING STRESS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/psy-visnyk/2024.3.18Keywords:
stress, post-traumatic stress reactions, gender-specific features, mechanisms of psychological defense, coping strategies, positive psychotherapy, balance model, actual сapacitiesAbstract
The article researches the gender-specific features of the manifestation of post-stress reactions in military personnel and to develop gender-oriented strategies for overcoming stress. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, explanation), principles of psychology (determinism, reflection, unity of psyche and activity, development, systematicity) and specific thematic concepts (mechanisms of psychological defenses, coping strategies for overcoming stress, models of balance and actual abilities of the method of positive psychotherapy). The scientific novelty of the study is that, for the first time, gender differences in post-stress reactions were considered through the prism of the action of mental protection mechanisms, and ways of their transformation into adaptive coping strategies with the help of positive psychotherapy tools were proposed. Empirical studies have established that post-stress reactions of servicemen have gender differences. Automatic reactions to stress are associated with the activation of mental defense mechanisms. For men, defenses aimed at isolating the emotional component of experiencing and reacting aggression to the outside are more characteristic, for women – emotional warming and directing aggressive impulses against themselves. Using the tools of the positive psychotherapy method allows you to develop strategies for improving stress resistance. The balance model of positive psychotherapy makes it possible to increase stress resistance by evenly working out stress tension in all spheres of life. And the transition from automatic stress reactions to the use of adaptive coping strategies is possible due to the development of primary actual сapacities. For men, first of all, it is the ability to contact others, patience and faith, for women – self-worth, self-esteem, hope.
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