STATE OPTIMISM MEASURE: ADAPTATION OF THE METHODOLOGY AND ITS PSYCHOMETRIC INDICATORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/psy-visnyk/2023.2.2Keywords:
optimism, trait optimism, state optimism, scale, methodology, measure of optimistic state, psychometric indicatorsAbstract
The state optimism, compared to the trait optimism, has a dynamic nature and is largely determined by the context of events and situations. To measure the trait optimism, self-assessment questionnaires are mainly used, and consisting of questions about the generalized expectations of people regarding their future (Life Orientation Test (LOT), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R)) and the stability of their attributions regarding the causes of the circumstances of their own life (Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ)). The «State Optimism Measure» (SOM) was developed specifically to identify a measure of the state optimism. The article describes the procedure of the Ukrainian-language adaptation of the English-language methodology “State Optimism Measure” (SOM). Its psychometric indicators were tested on a sample of students. It has been proven that the Ukrainian- language adaptation has high indicators of differentiability (average value – 0.82), high reliability-consistency of scale components (Cronbach’s α=0.88), stable internal structure that explains more than 76% of individual differences. It was established that age is an important factor of optimistic state: middle-aged people have lower indicators of optimistic state measure than young people (р=0.036). The values of the scale correlate with indicators of subjective well-being (р=0.000), the frequency of experiencing positive (р=0.000) and negative affects (р=0.032), which proves the convergent validity of the scale. Therefore, the author’s structure of the methodology has been completely preserved. As a result, the methodology «Optimistic State Scale» (OSS) was proposed, consisting of 7 items aimed at identifying an integral indicator – a measure of optimistic state. The adapted methodology becomes the first Ukrainian-language psychodiagnostic tool for measuring the optimistic state, which is characterized by sufficient psychometric properties.
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